part a
common law and equity普通法与衡平法
statute law成文法
criminal law and civil law刑法与民法
appeal上诉
majistrate court治安法院
county court郡法院
crown court刑事法院
high court高等法院
court of appeal上诉法院
house of lord上议院
indictable offence可起诉的犯罪
summary offence简易程序罪行
queen’s bench division王座法庭
chancery division大法官法庭
family division家事法庭
small claim track小额索赔轨道
fast claim track快速索赔轨道
multi track多重索赔轨道
arbitration仲裁
human right人权法
precedent先例
binding precedent=stare decisis先例约束
ratio decidendi判决理由
obiter dicta附告意见
legislation=statute law法律、成文法
parliament议会
delegated legislation授权立法
orders in council委员会命令
statutory instrument制定法文件
bye-laws地方法规
statutory interpretation制定法解释
the literal rule字面解释规则
the golden rule黄金规则
the mischief rule按目的解释规则
part b
contract合同
offer要约
acceptance承诺
consideration对价
intention意图
capacity合同能力
invitation to treat要约邀请
termination of offers要约的终止
counter-offer反要约
revocation of an offer撤销要约
unilateral contract单边合同
collateral contract附属合同（附属担保品合同）
executed consideration已履行的对价
executory consideration待履行的对价
past consideration过去的对价
consideration must be sufficient but may not be adequate对价必须充分（有价值），但不必充足
performance of exsiting duties履行既存义务
promissory estoppel允诺禁反言原则
domestic agreement家庭协议
commercial agreement商业协议
privity of contract合同的相对性
contract terms合同条款
express terms明示条款
implied terms暗示条款
conditions条件条款
warranties保证条款
innominate term中间条款
exclusion clause免责条款
has the exclusion clause been incorporated into the contract免责条款已并入合同了吗
signature（当事人在合同上）签字
notice（提醒对方）注意（免责条款）
consistent dealing系列交易
any uncertainty or ambiguity in the exclusion clause must be interpreted against the person seeking to rely on it如果免责条款存在任何含糊不清之处，法院将作出不利于提出免责条款当事人的解释follow us on wechat关注公众号-acca考友论坛
discharge of contract解除合同
breach of contract合同违约
repudiatory breach能够断绝合同关系的违约
anticipatory breach预期违约
remedies for breach of contract违约行为的补救
damages损害赔偿
remoteness of damages间接损失陪偿
measure of damages直接损失陪偿
liquidated damages实际损失
penalties惩罚
specific performance特定履行
injunction禁令
rescission废除、取消
tort侵权
the tort of negligence过失侵权
duty of care审慎义务
contributory negligence共同侵权
volentiacceptence non fit injuria=voluntary acceptance of risks自愿接受风险
part c
indemnify补偿
dismissal解雇
redundancy冗员
notice通知
wrongful dismissal非法解雇
unfair dismissal不公平解雇
constructive dismissal推定解雇
re-instatement复职
re-engagement再就业
compensation补偿
part d
agency代理
ractification追认
agency by estoppel不容否认代理
actual authority实际授权
apparent/ostensible推定代理
warrant of authority代理权保证
partnership合伙
severally and jointly liable个别及连带责任
limited partnership有限合伙企业
llp（limited liability partnership）有限责任合伙企业
legal identity法律身份
legal personality法律人格
limited liability有限责任
unlimited company无限责任公司
limited company有限责任公司
limited by share依股票成立有限公司
limited by guarantee依保证成立有限公司
private companies私人公司
public limited companies公众有限责任公司
registration登记
certificate of registration登记的资格证书
trading certificate交易证书
lifting the veil of incorporation揭开公司面纱
quoted/listed company上市公司
parent company母公司
subsidiary company子公司
promoter发起人
registrar of company公司登记机关
memorandum of association公司的基本章程
articles of association公司的附属章程
statement of compliance法定声明
constitution of company公司宪章
company“off the shelf”现成的公司（壳公司）
bona fide真实的，有诚意的
ultra vire超越权限
passing-off action假冒、冒名
capital资本
part e
share capital股本
nominal value名义价值
ordinary share普通股
preference share优先股
redeemable share可赎回股
authorised share capital法定资本
called-up capital催缴股本
paid-up capital实缴股本
class rights are rights attached to particular types of shares集体权利是依附于特定类型的股份的权利
minority少数股东
variation of class rights集体权利的变更
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allotment of shares股份分配
issue of shares股份发行
pre-emption right优先认购权
bonus issue发行红股/股票股利
rights issue认股权发行/配股
loan capital借贷资本
debentures债券
charges抵押
fixed charge固定抵押
floating charge浮动抵押
crystallization of a floating charge浮动抵押的明确化
capital maintenance资本保全
solvency偿付能力
issue shares at a premium溢价发行股票
issue shares at a discount折价发行股票
underwriting fees承销费用
stringent严格的
distribute dividend派发股息
accumulated realized profit累计已变现利润
accumulated realized profit累计已变现损失
undistributable reserves不可分配准备
part f
director董事
board of director董事会
shadow director影子董事
executive director执行董事
non-executive director非执行董事
managing director常务董事
board of directors董事会
remuneration of directors董事的薪酬
vacation of office(董事的)离职
disqualification of director取消董事资格
fiduciary duty受托责任
conflict of interest利益冲突
fraudulent trading欺诈性交易
wrongful trading不法交易
eligibility as auditor审计人员的任职资格
annual general meeting年度全体会议
extraordinary general meeting临时全体会议
resolution决议
ordinary resolution普通决议
special resolution特别决议
written resolution书面决议
notice通知
special notice特别通知
the chairman会议主席
quorum法定人数
vote表决
proxies表决代理人
minutes会议记录
part g
insolvency破产
liquidation清算
winding up清算
a member’s voluntary winding up股东的自愿清算
creditors’voluntary winding up债权人的自愿清算
compulsory liquidation强制清算
liquidator清算人
administration财产管理
part h
corporate governance公司治理
stakeholder利益相关人
financial statement财务报表
voluntary codes of corporate governance公司治理的自愿守则
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unitary board of director单一董事会
supervisory board监事会
transparency透明性
insider dealing内幕交易
insider information内幕信息
money laundering洗钱
fraudulent trading欺诈性交易
wrongful trading不法交易